Wrench.



PATENTED DEC. 15, 1903.

D. STBRNE.

WRENCH.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 29. 1903'.

NO MODEL.

[NI/EN TOR lJ NITF tarts Patented December 15, 1903.

arnr FFlClEt DAVEY STERNE, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOROF TWO-THIRDS TO JOHN W. BROWN AND JOSEPH A. KONSEY, OF WASH- INGTON,DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 747,261, dated December15, 1903.

Application filed March 28, 1903.

T ttZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DAVEY STERNE, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented acertain new and useful Wrench, of

which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of devices known as wrenches, andparticularly to such devicesin s aidclass as are applicable for use alsoaspliers, &c., the object of the invention being to provide a tool ofthis class which will be reliable in use, quick to adjust, andeconomical to manufacture.

With this object in View myinvention conr 5 sists in the improvedconstruction, arrangement, and combination of the parts of a wrench,which will be fully described hereinafter and afterward specificallyclaimed.

In the accompanying drawings, in which I have illustrated a practicalembodiment of my invention, Figure 1 is a perspective view. Fig. 2 is aview partially in section, the movable handle being broken away and theparts in position ready to grasp a nut between the jaws. Fig. 3 is asimilar view showing the whole of the movable handle, the jaws beinglocked on a nut. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of the movable jawwith parts of the body and movable handle.

Like letters of reference mark the same parts in all of the figures.

Referring to the drawings by letters, aindicates the fixed jaw, and bthe movable jaw, the faces of which are provided with Mans verse teeth,as at o, to adapt the device for use as a pipe wrench and with roughenedsurfaces d to adapt them for use as pliers, while the movable jaw isformed also as a hammer-head at e. The fixed jaw islocated 40 at the endof the main body f, which is provided with transverse grooves g on itsback surface and with graduated scales it, one on each side, and hasalso an extension forming the fixed handle 2', which at its outer endmay be formed with nail or tack pulling jaws j.

The movable jaw b consists of a solid portion from which projectsparallel sets of lugs 70 7c and ll, the former embracing the body f andprovided with a cross-pin m, which Serial No. 149,989. (No model.)

may be a rivet or may be cast or otherwise made integral with the jaw,and the latter embracing the inner end or head of the movable handle aand provided with a cross-pin o, passing through the head of saidhandle, the movable handle being formed at its outer end, if desired,into a screw-driver p. The head of the movable jaw is cam-shaped, as atg, and may be provided with a notch r to coact with notches s s in thelugs Z Z of the movable jaw to form wire-cutters.

In assembling the parts of the devicethe movable jaw b,with the movablehandle n,pivoted to it, is slipped over the fixed handle until thecross-pin m engages one of the grooves g, the movable handle hangingloose, as shown in Fig. 2. To grasp a nut of a given size, the movablejaw is moved forward until its face is at the proper distance from theface of the fixed jaw, as indicated on the graduated scales, afterwhich, the movable handle is drawn toward the fixed handle until itreaches to or near the position shown in Figs.

1 and 3, during which movement the cam q, acting on the body, pressesthe movable jaw toward the fixed jawon pin m as pivot until the nut isfirmly grasped. The reverse pressure on the movable jaw when pressedagainst a nut, as at 25, being in the line of an arc having thecross-pin m as a center and the point of contact of the cam q with themain body e becoming a fulcrum-point the said reverse pressure, actingon cross-pin 0, will cause the movable handle to press against the fixedhandle, and thus be locked in contact therewithas soon as the cam q inmoving on the main body has reached or passed the part indicated bydotted lines X X in Fig. 3. By this means the two handles are heldtogether while grasping a nut, whereas if the cam were not so shaped asto pass to the locking-point it would be necessary to hold the handlestogether to maintain a hold on a nut and to prevent the movable handlefrom continually dropping to the position of Fig. 2, and thuswithdrawing the movable jaw.

In order to permit of the ready separation of the handles to unlock thegrip of the jaws, the handles are curved outwardly sufficiently topermit of the insertion of one or more fingers between them when closed,as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. i

As before stated, the roughened faces of the jaws adapt the device foruse as pliers, and the manner in which it may be used as wire-cutter,nail-puller, and screw-driver will be readily understood.

Having thus fully described my invention, What I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. A wrench comprising a main body of rectangular form having transversegrooves in its rear surface and a fixed jaw at its outer end and a fixedhandle atits inuerend, in combination with a movable jaw consisting of asolid portion, a pair of parallel lugs projecting therefrom, andembracing the body, a cross-pin connecting said lugs and engaging one ofsaid grooves, a second pair of parallel lugs at the projecting from saidsolid portion, connected by a cross-pin, and a movable handle having acam head pivoted on said pin, 7

' said'cam-head being shaped to cause the backward pressure by thearticle being grasped by the jaws to lock the handles together,substantially as described.

2. A wrench comprising an integral fixed handle, main body and fixedhead orjaw, the body having transverse grooves across its rear face, amovable jaw embracing the main body and pivoted by a pin adapted toengage in said grooves, and a movable handle pivoted in a movable jaw atits inner front corner, said movable handle having a cam-head adapted tofulcrum against the surface of themain body and to pass to or beyond theplane of its pivotal pin thereby locking the jaws together by the backpressure of the article grasped, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

DAVEY STERNE.

In presence of JOSEPH A. KINSEY, S. BRASHEARS.

